O texto fala da amizade como inspiração filosófica, mas também como inspiração da vida. Os filósofos e filósofas são “amigos da sabedoria”, mas não necessariamente sábios. Contudo, ao nos aproximarmos do pensamento de Emmanuel Lévinas e Maurice Blanchot, percebemos o exercício profundo do pensamento, feito de cumplicidade intelectual. A amizade entre Lévinas e Blanchot é o fio condutor da escrita. Durante muito tempo foram distantes politicamente. Blanchot apoiou o nazismo enquanto Lévinas escrevia e vivia sobre as consequências do nazismo. (...) Diante de uma admiração filosófica que ambos passam a nutrir, Blanchot muda suas posições. Percebe um tempo de morte, tema que atravessa seus escritos. Entre proximidades e distanciamentos acompanhamos suas conversas infinitas que trazem a filosofia e a literatura como matéria-prima para os inúmeros diálogos tecidos. Suas obras erguem questões e respostas aos estes diálogos. A linguagem torna-se não somente o meio pelo qual se constitui e se faz a defesa do pensamento, mas é ética, filosofia primeira, único caminho possível para existirmos enquanto comunidade. Palavras-chaves: Lévinas, Blanchot, Amizade, Linguagem, Ética. (shrink)

A Interdisciplinaridade é uma orientação epistêmica e constituída de muitas dimensões e os protocolos de aplicação, mas algumas vezes banalizada quando envolvida pelo Kitsch, uma força fugaz e acrítica que atravessa a ciência, e que incide sobre à Interdisciplinaridade a configurando como um brecholê, uma junção sem reflexão e critérios. A vista disso, como ocorre a percepção da Interdisciplinaridade através da perspectiva Kitsch? O objetivo versou em descortinar através da Gestalt a Interdisciplinaridade do fenômeno Kitsch. A Gestalt foca os estudos (...) da ‘percepção’, ela procura intensificar o fato de que a compreensão do todo é o processo preliminar de compreensão da realidade para, posteriormente possamos compreender os fragmentos. É uma pesquisa qualitativa, pois versa em ações subjetivas sobre a Interdisciplinaridade e a Hermenêutica como método através dos círculos de investigação para compressão exploratória que permite explorar novos fenômeno poucos conhecidos e construir hipóteses. Alguns dos resultados preliminares desta pesquisa na forma de hipótese infere que há uma ligação em evolução entre o Kitsch e a Interdisciplinaridade. (shrink)

L'Homme, cet être vivant doué de raison, fabricant d'objets élaborés, doté d'un langage articulé, chez lequel a émergé la pensée conceptuelle et symbolique, se caractérise par une aptitude à l'émerveillement, et une capacité d'espérance accompagnée d'un refus de l'absurde. Avec l'invention de l'outil manufacturé et les premiers témoignages d'une pensée symbolique, comment la fabuleuse aventure culturelle et spirituelle de l'Homme a-t-elle débuté? Pourquoi à travers les temps, même les plus anciens, et dans toutes les cultures, l'émergence du sens de la (...) transcendance n'a-t-il cessé de se manifester et de s'inscrire au coeur de notre humanité? Comment est-il devenu une caractéristique de l'Homme, une de ses aspirations profondes? Comment définir le sens du sacré? C'est de cette dimension intrinsèquement humaine, et des traces qu'elle a laissées, qu'il est ici question. Après L'Univers, la Vie et l'Homme : émergence du sens de la Conscience et Le Beau, l'Art et l'Homme : émergence du sens de l'Esthétique, voici le troisième et dernier opus dirigé par Henry de Lumley, issu d'un cycle de conférences au Collège des Bernardins. L'ambition de ces rencontres? Faire dialoguer physiciens, astrophysiciens, géologues, biologistes, paléoanthropologues, préhistoriens, historiens de l'art, philosophes et théologiens autour de questions qui ont trait à l'essence de l'humanité. (shrink)

Der Körper hat Konjunktur. Als ausgestellter, verfüg- und verführbarer begegnet er uns täglichim Übermaß. Es war nur eine Frage der Zeit, bis im Spiel der sich in den Wissenschafteneinander ablösenden turns auch ein corporeal (oder body) turn ausgerufen würde. Dabeibleibt im genannten turn der Gegenstand der Untersuchung nicht selten reduziert auf das, wasman im deutschen Sprachgebrauch »Körper« nennt: ein physisches Substrat, das wie ein Dingunter Dingen beschreibbar ist. Gegen diese Verkürzung stellt der Begri des »Leibes«,spätestens seit Edmund Husserl, eine präzise (...) theoretische Intervention in die wissenschaftlicheund philosophische Diskussion um Körper und Körperlichkeit dar: Dem objektiv beobachtbaren Körper, den wir haben, wird der lebendige Leib, der wir sind, gegenübergestellt. Diesem »Leib«, seiner Geschichte, seinen Varianten und seinem Versprechen gehen dieAutoren der vorliegenden Beiträge nach. Inhaltsübersicht Emmanuel Alloa/Thomas Bedorf/Christian Grüny/Tobias Nikolaus Klass: Einleitung I. Der Leibbegriff in der Phänomenologie Emmanuel Alloa / Natalie Depraz: Edmund Husserl – „Ein merkwürdig unvollkommenkonstituiertes Ding“ – Stefan Kristensen: Maurice Merleau-Ponty I – Körperschema undleibliche Subjektivität – Emmanuel Alloa: Maurice Merleau-Ponty II – Fleisch und Dierenz – David Espinet: Martin Heidegger – Der leibliche Sinn von Sein – Thomas Bedorf: EmmanuelLevinas – Der Leib des Anderen – Karel Novotný: Körper, Leib, Aektivität in Jan Pato č kasPhänomenologie der natürlichen Welt – Julia Scheidegger: Michel Henry – TranszendentaleLeiblichkeit – Jörg Sternagel: Bernhard Waldenfels – Responsivität des Leibes – Kerstin Andermann: Hermann Schmitz – Leiblichkeit als kommunikatives Selbst- und Weltverhältnis II. Zur Geschichte des Leibbegris Emmanuel Alloa: Archaische Leiblichkeit. Die griechische Antike und die Entdeckung desKörpers – Theresia Heimerl: Der Leib Christi und der Körper des Christen: Körper und Leib alszentrale Problemzonen des Christentums – Marc Rölli: Philosophische Anthropologie im 19. Jahrhundert – Zwischen Leib und Körper – Tobias Nikolaus Klass: Friedrich Nietzsche – Denkenam „Leitfaden des Leibes“ – Andreas Cremonini: Sigmund Freud – Der gelebte vs. derphantasmatische Leib – Uta Noppeney: Kurt Goldstein und Frederik Buytendijk – Der Leib-Begri in der organismischen Biologie – Volker Schürmann: Max Scheler und Helmuth Plessner– Leiblichkeit in der Philosophischen Anthropologie – Marion Lauschke: Ernst Cassirer und AbyWarburg – Kulturanthropologie III. Grenzen und Kritik des Leibbegris Christian Grüny: Theodor W. Adorno – Soma und Sensorium – Ulrich Johannes Schneider: Michel Foucault – Der Körper und die Körper – Burkhard Liebsch: Paul Ricoeur – Das leiblicheSelbst begegnet dem Widerstand des Anderen – Mirjam Schaub: Gilles Deleuze – Was weiß ein„Körper ohne Organe“ vom Leib? – Kathrin Busch: Jean-Luc Nancy – Exposition und Berührung– Shaun Gallagher: Embodiment: Leiblichkeit in den Kognitionswissenschaften – Marie-Luise Angerer: Gender und Performance – Ist leibliche Identität ein Konstrukt? – Thomas Bedorf/Selin Gerlek: Praxistheorien – Leibkörperliche Praktiken im Vollzug. (shrink)

Gilles Deleuze’s research during the 1980s focused on the 17th century German thinker G. W. Leibniz. In 1988, Deleuze published Le Pli, which forms part of a series of works on modern philosophy. This book displays Deleuze’s attention to the interpretations of contemporary commentators on modern philosophy, in this case, on Leibniz. In this context, there occurred a brief and important dialogue between Deleuze and Christiane Frémont, the French commentator and translator of Leibniz, with regard to their respective interpretations of (...) the great German philosopher. This article intends to give an account of the main topics present in that conversation. Firstly, we can say they involve 1) the problem of body and the Leibnizian vinculum substantiale, 2) the question of singularities, 3) the principle of economy and incompossibility, and 4) the Deleuzian concept of vice-diction. Our hypothesis in this study is that the readings made by both authors of the German thinker are mutually involved. It is essential, in order to support this hypothesis, to make precise the demarcations of relations between such readings. For this reason, our research will focus on Frémont’s study Singularités, individus et relations dans le système de Leibniz (2003) and on Deleuze’s work Le Pli (1988). We hope to determine the topics that emerge in the relationship, and to specify convergences and divergences of interpretation. (shrink)

Aborder la violence telle qu’elle résonne en chacun dans son actualité singulière et proposer d’en faire « l’écho » collectivement, telle est l’invitation du dispositif en groupe de parole évoqué dans cet article. L’approche des auteurs définit la violence comme polysémique, polymorphe, continuelle, originaire, centrale et problématique. Chacun peut en faire l’expérience au cours de son existence dans divers champs, familial, professionnel, social, voire dans plusieurs, successivement ou simultanément, et selon des positions subjectives variables – auteurs, victimes ou témoins – (...) ou selon encore des configurations complexes. Deux cas cliniques éclairent en quoi le dispositif « groupe de parole » favorise le passage, « la passe », d’une violence engrammée par un sujet vers une métabolisation de ses effets. (shrink)

The philosophy of Hitler is simplistic [primaire]. But the primitive powers that burn within it burst open its wretched phraseology under the pressure of an elementary force. They awaken the secret nostalgia within the German soul. Hitlerism is more than a contagion or a madness; it is an awakening of elementary feelings.But from this point on, this frighteningly dangerous phenomenon becomes philosophically interesting. For these elementary feelings harbor a philosophy. They express a soul's principal attitude towards the whole of reality (...) and its own destiny. They predetermine or prefigure the meaning of the adventure that the soul will face in the world.The philosophy of Hitlerism therefore goes beyond the philosophy of Hitlerians. It questions the very principles of a civilization. The conflict is played out not only between liberalism and Hitlerism. Christianity itself is threatened in spite of the careful attentions or Concordats that the Christian churches took advantage of when Hitler's regime came to power.But it is not enough to follow certain journalists in distinguishing between Christian universalism and racist particularism: a logical contradiction cannot judge a concrete event. The meaning of a logical contradiction that opposes two forms of ideas only shows up fully if we go back to their source, to intuition, to the original decision that makes them possible. It is in this spirit that we are going to set forth the following reflections. Emmanuel Levinas has been professor of philosophy at the Ecole Normale Superieure Israelite de Paris and at the University of Paris I . Among his books that have been translated into English are Totality and Infinity, Ethics and Infinity, Otherwise Than Being or Beyond Essence, and The Levinas Reader. His essay "As If Consenting to Horror" appeared in the Winter 1989 issue of Critical Inquiry. Sean Hand is lecturer in French at the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth. He is the editor of The Levinas Reader and the translator of Levinas's Difficult Freedom . He is currently completing a book on Michel Leiris. (shrink)

Merleau-Ponty s’est toujours intéressé aux rapports complexes entre christianisme, philosophie et théologie. Ses écrits, publiés ou inédits, opposent régulièrement « la nouveauté du christianisme » – comme expérience de l’homme, comme attitude religieuse, et jusque dans sa conception de Dieu – à une théologie dite « explicative », qui ne parviendrait pas à penser cette nouveauté, voire la trahirait. Accusée d’importer le Dieu des philosophes, cette théologie expliquerait Dieu et expliquerait par Dieu pour mieux se passer des mystères de l’homme, (...) des dimensions tragiques de sa condition, manquant ainsi paradoxalement une négativité qui est le lieu même où s’ouvre l’attitude religieuse. Dans cette confrontation originale, Merleau-Ponty transpose sa propre lutte contre certains philosophes et mobilise les axes essentiels de sa pensée : ses conceptions de l’homme et de l’être, une anthropologie de la chair perceptive et désirante, une ontologie de l’être inachevé et inépuisable. Merleau-Ponty was always interested in the complex relationship between christianity, philosophy and theology. His writings, published or unpublished, regularly contrast « the novelty of Christianity » — as experience of man, as religious attitude, and including its conception of God — with a so-called « explanatory » theology, which would not manage to think this novelty, might even betray it. Charged with importing the God of the philosophers, this theology would explain God and explain by God in order to bypass the mysteries of man, the tragic dimensions of its condition, thus paradoxically missing a negativity which is the very place where the religious attitude unfolds. In this original confrontation, Merleau-Ponty transposes his own fight against some philosophers and summons the essential axis of his thought : his conceptions of man and being, an anthropology of perceptive and desiring flesh, an ontology of unfinished and inexhaustible being. (shrink)

Écrite entre 386 et 390 dans l’effervescence de la découverte du néoplatonisme, la correspondance avec Nebridius témoigne, bien avant les Confessions, des questions philosophiques et spirituelles qui passionnaient Augustin au moment de sa conversion à la philosophie et au christianisme. Written between 386 and 390 during the excitement of his discovery of Neoplatonism, Augustine’s correspondence with Nebridius bears witness, well before the Confessions, to the philosophical and spiritual questions that fascinated Augustine at the time of his conversion to philosophy and (...) Christianity. (shrink)

In contrast to the readings that oppose a first 'revolutionary' Simone Weil to a second 'conservative' Simone Weil, this article supports the thesis of a profound continuity and coherence in Weil's political thought, parallel to the overall unity of her philosophy. Just as there is no opposition between her political thought of the early and the late 1930s, there is no opposition between her 'mystical' philosophy from the period in Marseille and her "political" philosophy from the period in London. However, (...) this does not abolish the distance that must be maintained between religion, mysticism and politics, because the "synthesis" of these levels is not historical-political, but eschatological. Ultimately, we show that Weilian thought supports both the dual necessity and the mutual insufficiency of mysticism and politics, which enables it to escape both totalitarian idolatry and the mysticism of a pure afterlife. If she ignores the opposition so common in modern thought between "Amor Dei" and "Amor Mundi", it is because she wishes to comply with the dual Platonic and Christian injunction to bring the Good down into necessity without confusing both, thus making political action the criterion of truth of political thought. (shrink)

There is the death of God, but comes also the death of man. Both are fundamentally linked, at least in Nietzsche’s thought. Christianity will also have to find its place there. Not in order to deplore the radicalism of contemporary nihilism, but to understand it from the inside and also to ensure its succession. Etsi homo non daretur — what if man (and not only God) were not given? With this questioning must arise a God of strength and resurrection, a (...) sort of “over-God” capable of rivaling Nietzsche’s superman. To think through “the main thread of the body” is not only to reverse the relationship between the soul and the body, but to consider incarnation in a different way, also with all that there is in us of passions and impulses. The “Self” (das Selbst) then takes precedence over the “It” (das Es), because it is not enough for the ego to stand like “a rider” on his horse (Freud) ; it is also necessary to recognize to any plural subject the power to be for itself and in itself “like on the back of a tiger” (Nietzsche). It is at this price, and at this price alone, that our humanity will be fully assumed so that it can create again. (shrink)

English summary: Nietzsche's work does not fit into readily defined categories or disciplinary fields. Rejecting definitive truths and assumptions, he nourished his philosophical explorations with constant experimentation, reading widely on texts as varied as Greek philosophy, Darwinian evolution, thermodynamic cosmology, and the history of religion. Through this multiplication of perspectives, Nietzsche developed a philosophy of culture that sought to raise mankind up beyond the possibilities of Judeo-Christian values. Although his philosophy would later be misappropriated for National Socialism, other much (...) nobler readers, such as Heidegger and Foucault, would find value in his works. French description: L'oeuvre de Nietzsche ne se presente pas comme un systeme qui permettrait une categorisation simple dans un champ disciplinaire existant. Professeur de philologie classique a l'Universite de Bale, Nietzsche a renonce a sa chaire universitaire pour devenir un philosophe itinerant et un esprit libre. C'est l'epoque ou il rompt avec ses anciens mentors: Arthur Schopenhauer, son maitre en philosophie, et Richard Wagner, ce mystagogue dans les secrets de l'art et de la vie dont il avait salue le projet culturel dans La Naissance de la tragedie (1872). Nietzsche se mefiera dorenavant de toutes les convictions et de toutes les verites definitives. Sa philosophie sera une constante experimentation, nourrie d'innombrables lectures qui forment quasiment un panorama de l'histoire de la culture humaine: des Grecs a la theorie de l'evolution darwinienne, de la cosmologie thermodynamique a l'anthropologie evolutionniste, en passant par l'histoire du christianisme et des religions extra europeennes. On assiste chez Nietzsche a une multiplication indefinie des perspectives, au fil d'ecrits aphoristiques qui ne livrent jamais leur dernier mot. Une problematique essentielle se dessine cependant a travers ces multiples experimentations: c'est celle d'une philosophie de la culture, qui aspire a elever l'homme - tant au sens d'un elevage zoologique que d'une elevation de valeur - pour en faire un etre plus epanoui et plus puissant qu'il ne l'a ete jusqu'a present sous l'emprise des valeurs judeo chretiennes. Nietzsche propose ainsi une veritable transvaluation de toutes les valeurs, qui se veut tout autre chose qu'un retour a la barbarie des origines. L'auteur d'Ainsi parlait Zarathoustra a conscience, ce faisant, de s'affirmer comme un philosophe dangereux. Mais il pense que la creation est fondamentalement indissociable de la destruction, voyant dans cette idee le secret du dionysiaque et donc de la tragedie grecque. Les posterites de l'oeuvre de Nietzsche confirment son caractere a la fois dangereux et fecond. On ne saurait passer sous silence l'appropriation nazie, qui oblige a s'interroger sur ce qui, chez Nietzsche, pouvait preter le flanc a un tel detournement. Mais pour autant, il serait injuste de reduire Nietzsche a cette tragique caricature, alors qu'il a trouve en Heidegger, Deleuze ou encore Foucault des lecteurs bien plus dignes de lui. (shrink)

En s'appuyant sur le prologue et la première partie du ¤¤Breviloquium¤¤ de Bonaventure, l'auteur étudie la question de l'entrée de Dieu en philosophie comme en théologie, autrement dit son mode de manifestation à l'homme.

Les religions sont-elles condamnées à s'opposer et à être source de conflits en raison de la diversité et du caractère souvent contradictoire de leurs doctrines? Lorsqu'elles sont missionnaires et prétendent détenir la vérité sur Dieu, le monde et l'homme, le caractère systématique de leurs énoncés théologiques et juridiques qui excluent les autres systèmes ne redouble-t-il pas ces conflits? Comment dans ces conditions le dialogue interreligieux pourrait-il aller au-delà des rencontres et du dialogue de vie? Peut-on penser du point de vue (...) théologique une ouverture à l'autre qui assoie l'unité entre les religions, leur communion et leur réconciliation au niveau de la doctrine sans obliger chacune à renoncer aux énoncés de sa foi?0Pour envisager ces questions fondamentales qui concernent tous les acteurs impliqués dans le dialogue interreligieux ou la théologie du pluralisme religieux, plusieurs théologiens ont interrogé George Lindbeck afin d'évaluer si les principes qu'il avance pour repenser l'oecuménisme sont transposables au niveau de l'interreligieux. En effet, conscient de l'enjeu des différences doctrinales entre les Églises chrétiennes, Lindbeck a questionné la nature d'une doctrine et a proposé un modèle post-libéral privilégiant la praxis, l'articulation entre l'action et le langage, la réactivation et la réadaptation constante des identités. Ces recherches montrent qu'en dépit de bien des limites de son modèle, on trouve chez le théologien luthérien une approche originale et féconde pour répondre à bien des défis contemporains. (shrink)

Le probleme theologico-politique comprend une diversite de questions qui trouvent cependant leur unite dans la necessite, ou la contrainte, dont la philosophie dans son histoire ne s'est pas defaite: celle de se confronter au religieux, a l'ecclesial et au theologique. Cette confrontation du philosophique et du religieux emprunte plusieurs voies, selon qu'il s'agit pour la philosophie d'examiner la fondation religieuse du politique et plus generalement les relations du pouvoir et du sacre, ou bien de recommander ou de contester l'usage politique (...) du religieux, ou encore d'affirmer la liberte de la croyance contre toute censure. Les etudes ici reunies portent sur les pythagoriciens, Thomas d'Aquin, Jacques 1er d'Angleterre, Milton, Spinoza, Bayle, Toland, Hume, Kant et Rosenzweig, et proposent une perspective traversiere sur les transformations d'une question qui, tout en etant encore la notre, est indissociable d'une histoire. (shrink)

In 12th-Century France, political Augustinianism inherited from Gregory and Isidore was based on the absolute supremacy of spiritual power over temporal power in the name of the absolute primacy of grace over fallen nature. This could easily solve the question of what should true dominium be in a society based on Christian values. Just rule was connected with a ruler who was sanctioned by the Church: the king of France, defender of the Pax Dei. The Siege of Germigny shows (...) how cynical realpolitik finds philosophical justification in political Augustinianism. (shrink)

According to Carl Schmitt's concept of the political, the specific distinction to which political actions and motives can be reduced is that between friend and enemy. In the Middle Ages, Peter the Venerable (1092-1156), the abbot of Cluny, was the first to conceive the Church as a spatial entity surrounded and contrastively shaped by the the nature of its assailants: Jewish, Muslim, and heterodox religious competitors. From then on, the Ecclesia perceived and established itself as a fortress constantly under siege, (...) but interiorly illuminated by the Sapientia, the inner light of the Holy Spirit. At the same time, the « true social mutation of the year 1100 » (D. Barthélemy) that transformed the old religion based on the cult of relics into the sacramental "religion of new times" began to narrow the acceptation of the word Ecclesia to the clerical elite who had the power to invoke the Holy Spirit in the sacrament of the Eucharist. Through the Eucharist, the communicant was taken into Christ's mystical body and took part of the supernatural society of the Church. The devil, therefore, was identifiable in all his disguises by his constant blasphemy against the Incarnation of Christ, which is the raison d'être of the Fortress Church, and the condition of possibility of the Eucharist, and therefore of Christian society. At Saint-Gilles du Gard (ca.1160-70), Notre-Dame de Laon (ca.1190-1205) and Notre-Dame de Germigny-l'Exempt (ca.1215), I propose that the Incarnation tympana with their claim of kinship to authoritative Antiquity ("1200 style") emerged and resurfaced as a key, but ephemeral, composition translating this ideology in the transition between Romanesque and Gothic. (shrink)

Résumé — La controverse religieuse qui a suivi l’essor du luthéranisme est ordinairement présentée comme le moteur principal de la reviviscence du pyrrhonisme à l’âge moderne. Au XVIe siècle, la religion aurait fait du pyrrhonisme un outil apologétique puissant, véritable arme que s’opposeraient les diverses confessions. Pourtant, comme le note Bayle dans son Dictionnaire, les rapports entre le scepticisme et la théologie sont extrêmement ambigus : un rapide tableau des appréciations portées par les théologiens chrétiens montrent que, chez les Réformés (...) comme chez les catholiques, l’humiliation des lumières naturelles est pensée comme une entrave à l’instauration de la foi. Seuls les courants pauliniens et mystiques voient dans cette philosophie un moyen bénéfique à la vie spirituelle. Pour devenir un outil intellectuel reconnu dans les milieux catholiques tridentins, le pyrrhonisme a dû subir une métamorphose radicale : Omer Talon, suivi par Gentian Hervet, ont reconfiguré le pyrrhonisme à partir du modèle probabiliste de la Nouvelle Académie, pourtant récusé par Sextus Empiricus. Assoupli, le scepticisme a alors été pensé comme le moyen privilégié d’une refondation de la dialectique rationaliste et de la défense de la foi.— The religious controversy which followed the development of Lutheranism is usually presented as the main engine of the revivescence of the Pyrrhonism in early modern period. In the sixteenth century, religion would have made by Pyrrhonism a powerful apologetic tool, true weapon that adverse confessions would have set against each other. Nevertheless, as Bayle notes it in its Dictionary, the connection between scepticism and theology is extremely ambiguous : a fast outline of the appreciations carried by the Christian theologians shows that, by protestants as well as by Catholics, the humiliation of natural lights is thought as an obstacle of the institution of faith. Only the Paulinian and mystic currents see in such a philosophy a beneficial resource for spiritual life. To become an intellectual tool recognized in the catholic Tridentin circles, Pyrrhonism must have been subjected to a radical transformation : Omer Talon, followed by Gentian Hervet, has restructured Pyrrhonism from the probabilistic model of the New Academy, even though such a model was rejected by Sextus Empiricus. Such mitigated, scepticism has then been considered as one of the privileged means of the refondation of rationalistic dialectic, and of the defence of faith. (shrink)

Tout parcours est "semé d'embûches" - chacun le sait, ou à tout le moins le sent. Ce livre en est à nouveau la preuve. Non pas qu'on nous tende des pièges, mais en cela que les courses de 'sauts d'obstacles' sont toujours les plus prestigieuses, mais aussi les plus périlleuses. En réponse à Une analytique du passage (Claude-Brunier Coulin, éd.), ce volume de la plume de l'auteur reprend ainsi point par point les 'interrogations et objections' soulevées lors du colloque de (...) Chevilly-Larue (5-7 Juillet 2014), tout en proposant un véritable 'itinéraire' retraçant sa propre trajectoire. La source franciscaine, l'humanité commune, le sens de la catholicité, la racine ignacienne, l'héritage péguyste, le rapport à la finitude, le problème du surnaturel, le statut de l'apologétique, la relation au corps, le sens de la voix, la traversée du chaos, la question de la limite, le statut de l'Ecriture, le sens du style..., sont autant de thèmes et de questions abordées dans le présent essai. Faisant de la lutte de Jacob avec l'ange la figure de proue de cette grande traversée - "Je ne te lâcherai pas que tu m'aies béni" (Gn 32, 27) -, cet ouvrage accomplit le 'cycle méthodologique' initié par Passer le Rubicon (Lessius, 2013), relayé par Le combat amoureux (Hermann, 2014), et achevé par le Parcours d'embûches (Editions franciscaines, 2016). (shrink)

The touching-touched does not only originate with Husserl and Merleau-Ponty. It also has its source in the debate between Condillac and Maine de Biran, around the famous example of the marble statue. Rooted in Aristotle’s question of touch, this discussion about the “first man” (Buffon) takes on particular importance when it comes to the question of whether everything comes from me (proper body) or whether there is something foreign in me (improper body). This confrontation between Condillac and Maine de Biran (...) is not confined to auto-affection or the flesh (Michel Henry), but endeavors to show that I am sometimes hetero-affected, or even outside myself. In this way, the entire history of philosophy will be read differently, beginning with Maine de Biran, in the notion of an “outside-in-itself,” that gives rise to a new image of the thinker of Bergerac. (shrink)

L'oeuvre du philosophe Paul Gilbert, jésuite belge professeur de métaphysique depuis vingt-cinq ans à l'Université Grégorienne, est considérable et mérite d'être mieux connue. Après avoir étudié les écrits de saint Anselme (Dire l'ineffable, 1984), Paul Gilbert a questionné la métaphysique classique, sous l'influence de la philosophie réflexive (La Simplicité du principe, 1994). Il a ensuite souligné les chances offertes à la réflexion fondamentale par l'analogie, thème classique mais oublié (La Patience d'être, 1996, et Sapere e sperare, 2003). Plus récemment, il (...) a abordé la question de la violence, ce mal- être si commun (Violence et compassion, 2009). En 1997 déjà, son travail a été récompensé du prix Cardinal Mercier de l'U.C.Louvain-la-Neuve. Durant de nombreuses années, Paul Gilbert a été professeur invité à l'Institut catholique de Paris. A l'occasion de son éméritat dans cette institution, un colloque y a été organisé. Dans leurs communications, S. Bonanni, Ph. Capelle-Dumont, S. D'Agostino, E. Gabellieri, J. de Gramont, 1. Malaguti, R. Repole et E. Tourpe reprennent et développent l'élaboration de la pensée de Paul Gilbert. Ce dernier fait écho à chacune d'elles et, dans un exposé final, retrace son propre itinéraire intellectuel. (shrink)

Un étrange mythe hante l'Occident : le christianisme aurait redonné un peu de consistance au monde, un Dieu de chair, comme dit Tertullien, lui aurait conféré un supplément de réalité. La vérité semble aux antipodes : loin d'offrir une âme au monde, les chrétiens l'en ont privé et se sont appliqués à le déréaliser. Dans cette optique, le christianisme apparaît en sentinelle du néant, toujours en avance d'un nihilisme : nihiliste actif, quand on le croit passif ; nihiliste postmoderne, quand (...) on le croit archaïque ; nihiliste négatif, quand on l'imagine mystique ; bref, nihiliste jusque dans ses décisions ex cathedra, dans sa christologie et sa théologie mariale. Comme la profondeur qui se cache à la surface de l'aphorisme, le nihilisme foncier du christianisme se cache à la surface du dogme. (shrink)

Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} A presente exposiçáo trata da apropriaçáo que Habermas faz na “Consciência Moral e Agir Comunicativo” a partir das quatro observações de Strawson em “Freedom and resentment”. Esta toma como objeto de análise os aspectos de validez dos fundamentos morais das normas (...) e “as pretensões de validade que erguemos com os atos de fala ligados à norma”. Levantados pelas considerações de Habermas através das observações de Strawson. (shrink)

This study aims to analyze, genealogically, a sort of introductory topology of the problems of government at the thought of Foucault, especially as regards the conditions of possibility and the most relevant features of the invention of the concept biopolitics. What is the purpose here is not the simple application of the concepts in their historical perspectives, but to make the mapping of the concepts, the course on Foucault. For this, the governments in association with the pastoral power, with the (...) geneses and development of policial economy. (shrink)

O presente estudo propõe-se a analisar as medidas e os limites de precaução adotados pelos Poderes da República. Pretendem-se investigar as premissas em que estão fundamentadas as ações do Poder Judiciário, resultando no ativismo judicial. Ponderam-se, ainda, os limites do ativismo judicial e a harmonia entre Poderes. Ressaltam-se a importância atual da temática e a necessidade de exploração de suas repercussões para a construção social. A pesquisa, de viés qualitativo e de cunho exploratório, será lastreada em levantamento bibliográfico e dados (...) estatísticos obtidos através de fontes diversas. (shrink)

Martin Heidegger hat die klassisch-metaphysische Ontologie als eine Ontologie der Vorhandenheit gelesen und einer scharfen Kritik unterzogen. Emmanuel Levinas und Heinrich Barth versuchen beide, in expliziter Absetzung von Heidegger, noch einen Schritt darüber hinaus zu tun und den ontologischen Horizont als solchen aufzubrechen. Der vorliegende Beitrag fragt danach, von welchen Bedingungen die Glaubwürdigkeit einer solchen Intention abhängt, und sieht diese Bedingungen in der am Leitfaden der Stichworte der ,,Vertikalität" und einer ,,Integration des Nicht-Intergrierbaren" interpretierten Philosophie Heinrich Barths in exemplarischer (...) Weise erfüllt. (shrink)

This article is an invitation to consider Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Question as a text that leads the reader to consider the possibilities offered by the post-Covid 19 resumption of daily school life with children as a political act. Based on a conversation that Freire had with Antônio Faundez in 1985, this text encourages researchers and educators to consider ways of returning to school life in ways that are welcoming, responsive and loving in the wake of the experience of (...) “almost-exile” undergone during the covid-19 pandemic. It becomes necessary to think school life again from where the children truly are, restarting in full awareness of the adventures, the pains, the losses they have undergone, encouraging them to ask the questions that the pandemic experience has produced them, and to recognize the new forms of consciousness it has inaugurated. This paper explores the implications of the ideas found in the Freire-Faundez dialogue for this moment of reconstruction. (shrink)

Este artigo procura compreender a noção de mimese na Poética de Aristóteles. Tanto nos autores do século V a.C., quanto em Platão e em Aristóteles, os cognatos de mimesis desconhecem um campo específico de aplicação, além disso, apresentam acepções – simular e emular – que por vezes se identificam e outras vezes se contradizem. Apesar desta ambivalência de mimesis e cognatos nos autores do século V a.C., e no próprio Aristóteles, na Poética o exemplo da pintura elucida melhor o sentido (...) de mimesis e cognatos no contexto das mimetikai technai (artes miméticas). (shrink)

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um mapeamento do tipo “estado da arte, ou estado do conhecimento” das produções acadêmicas sobre mulheres negras em processo de alfabetização na Educação de Jovens e Adultos. O inventário das produções, que teve como recorte temporal os anos de 2010 até 2020, foi realizado a partir dos catálogos de dissertações e teses da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia (IBICT), bem como (...) os anais da Associação Nacional de Política e Administração da Educação (ANPAE) e da Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Educação (ANPED). Nesse processo, constatou-se que embora tenha ocorrido uma ampliação na produção científica do campo, ainda é insipiente o número de produções que correlacionam a temática da alfabetização de mulheres negras coma EJA. (shrink)

This article has as its theme the democracy as fundamentalism, or the democratic fundamentalism. Its main objective is the recognition that the thinking about democracy can itself be fundamentalist, implying that not only religious fundamentalisms are a threat to contemporary democracy. Its method and object are the interpretation of texts by two contemporary philosophers who do not usually talk to each other, the Italian Gianni Vattimo and the French Jean-Luc Nancy. The essay's thesis is the affirmation of democratic thinking as (...) a form of fundamentalism, insofar as it fulfills certain conditions established by the two thinkers analyzed. These conditions are, in the language of the aforementioned philosophers, the framing of democracy under the so-called strong thought, or its subsumption to a metaphysical way of thought, so that it becomes incapable of self-criticism and its necessary reinvention. Thus, it is expected to contribute to the construction of a self-critical vision of democracy through dialogue with aspects of thought little known of important philosophers and also through the dialogue between philosophy and theology as emancipatory ways of knowing. (shrink)

Trata-se de um encontro dialogal da virada pragmático-linguística filosofia com a informação e a teoria crítica da sociedade. O escopo de tal encontro é a busca pelas possibilidades férteis que a teoria crítica da sociedade pós-virada linguística oferece para os estudos sociais da informação, em especial, o método da reconstrução racional, cujo propósito reconstrutivo traz consigo dois conceitos fundamentais que se assemelham e coexistem com as ações prático-cognitivas da informação: sentido e validade. Versa acerca de um encontro público entre as (...) pretensões racionais do uso público da linguagem e seu eco pelas veredas plurais dos estudos informacionais. Ao final das glosas, ficam vestígios e indícios de uma tarefa humanitária e emancipatória porvir, em seu detalhe informacional. INFORMATION BETWEEN MEANING AND VALIDITY: GLOSSES RECONSTRUCTIVEAbstractIt is a dialogical meeting of the pragmatic-linguistic turn philosophy with information and critical theory of society. The scope of this meeting is the search for fertile possibilities that the critical theory of society linguistic post-oriented provides for the social studies of information, in particular the method of rational reconstruction, the purpose of reconstructive brings with it two key concepts that are similar and coexist with the practical-cognitive actions of information: meaning and validity. Versa about a public meeting between the rational claims of the public use of language and its echo the plural paths of informational studies. At the end of glosses, are traces and evidence of a humanitarian task and future emancipatory in its informational detail. (shrink)

It shall be examined how anti-physicalist arguments give rise to the tension between those aspects of our everyday life and the thesis of physicalism. The debate over the subjective character of consciousness, or as it is sometimes called: “the hard problem of consciousness”, is considered to be the greatest challenge to physicalism. Many philosophers posit this as a matter that cannot be solved, regardless of scientific progress, for it is beyond the scope of what science can find out about the (...) world. If they are correct, the consequence is that the idea of physicalism itself fails. The paper is divided in two parts. For the first part we will deal with Chalmers’ version of the conceivability argument as well as the semantic apparatus of the two-dimensional framework required to make the appropriate link between conceivability and possibility. At the end of this we shall take a look at Kripke’s version of the conceivability argument against physicalism. (shrink)

O presente texto pretende refletir sobre a interculturalidade e sua necesidade histórica, através de dois autores centrais, Raúl Fornet-Betancourt e LéliaGonzalez. O conhecimento dos porvos indígenas e negros foi apagado e nem sequer reconhecido como conhecimento filosófico. Qusndo se reconhece a filosofia amerindia, se faz em comparação com a filosofia ocidental e com tudo que esta produziu. Neste sentido, la Filosofia Intercultural coloca o desafio de repensar la filosofia desde outras experiências de pensamento. O epistemicidio expõe o racismo em que (...) vivimos. O encontro do filósofo cubano com a filósofa brasileira, uma mulher negra, dará força a uma categoria de pensamento que pretendo desenvolver, Améfrica Profunda, para melhor compreender este país chamado Brasil e a forma em que as resistências dos povos indígenas e negros se constituiram, también a partir de profundas experiencias interculturais. (shrink)

Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} O presente trabalho trata da relaçáo entre o conceito de crítica e o contexto da Modernidade como forma de introduçáo à metacrítica da razáo instrumental de Habermas. Estabelece a interface do núcleo de significaçáo nacional da metacrítica em Habermas com a (...) compreensáo do desenvolvimento histórico do conceito de crítica a partir do horizonte do problema da racionalizaçáo. Mostra a indissociabilidade da metacrítica com o conceito moderno de crítica e a reelaboraçáo deste último pela primeira a partir do eixo de compreensáo da tradiçáo do ESCLARECIMENTO.  . (shrink)

Empirical data from studies with both heterosexual and homosexual individuals have consistently indicated different tendencies in mating behavior. However, transgenders’ data are often overlooked. This exploratory study compared levels of sociosexuality and self-esteem between transgenders and non-transgender (cisgender) individuals. The aim was to verify whether either sexual genotype or gender self-perception had more influence on the examined variables in transgenders. Correlations between self-esteem and sociosexuality levels were also investigated. The sample consisted of 120 Brazilian individuals (51 transgenders) from both sexes. (...) Sociosexuality scores indicated mostly sex-typical patterns for transgenders of both sexes across the construct’s three dimensions (behavior, attitude, and desire), except for female-to-male transgenders’ behavioral sociosexuality. Unique associations between the dimensions of sociosexuality were found for transgender participants. No differences in self-esteem were observed and no correlations between self-esteem and sociosexuality were found. The results suggest that transgenders’ sociosexuality is largely influenced by their sexual genotype despite their incongruent gender self-perception and that the relationships between behavior, attitude, and sociosexual desire are different from those observed in cisgenders. (shrink)

De cunho nitidamente didático, a obra contribui para o conhecimento e a difusão da ciência da Teoria do Estado, lançado luz sobre a matéria. Revista e atualizada pelo Professor José Lindoso, de acordo com as modificações introduzidas pela CF/88, inicia-se com uma introdução ao estudo do tema, detendo-se, na Primeira Parte, na Teoria Social do Estado, analisando-o quanto à origem, justificação, evolução histórica, elementos constitutivos, soberania, formação, modificação e extinção. A Segunda Parte do trabalho se dedica à Teoria Jurídica do (...) Estado, esmiuçando as formas de governo e de Estado. A Terceira Parte esquadrinha a democracia, o sistema representativo, o parlamentarismo e o presidencialismo, o voto, a eleição e o mandato. (shrink)